abakora imyenda myiza
Ubu hari abatanga ibintu byinshi, abacuruzi, inganda, inganda nubucuruzi. Hamwe nabatanga ibintu byinshi, nigute dushobora kubona autanga isokokuri twe? Urashobora gukurikiza ingingo nke.
01Icyemezo cy'ubugenzuzi
Nigute ushobora kwemeza ko abaguzi bawe babishoboye nkuko babigaragaza kuri PPT?
Kwemeza abatanga isoko kubandi bantu nuburyo bwiza bwo kwemeza ko ibisabwa nibipimo byabakiriya byujujwe no kugenzura imikorere yimikorere, guhora utezimbere no gucunga inyandiko.
Icyemezo cyibanda ku giciro, ubuziranenge, gutanga, kubungabunga, umutekano n'ibidukikije.Hamwe na ISO, inganda ziranga ibyemezo cyangwa code ya Dun, amasoko arashobora kwerekana vuba abatanga ibicuruzwa.
02Suzuma ikirere cya geopolitiki
Kubera ko intambara y’ubucuruzi hagati y’Ubushinwa na Amerika imaze kwiyongera, abaguzi bamwe bahanze amaso ibihugu bihenze byo mu majyepfo y’amajyepfo ya Aziya, nka Vietnam, Tayilande na Kamboje.
Abatanga ibicuruzwa muri ibi bihugu barashobora gutanga ibiciro biri hasi, ariko ibikorwa remezo bidahwitse, umubano wumurimo n’imivurungano ya politiki birashobora gukumira itangwa rihamye.
Muri Mutarama 2010, umutwe wa politiki wo muri Tayilande wigaruriye ikibuga cy’indege mpuzamahanga cya Suvarnabhumi ku murwa mukuru, gihagarika ibikorwa byose byoherezwa mu kirere n’ibicuruzwa byoherezwa mu mahanga i Bangkok, gusa mu bihugu bituranye.
Muri Gicurasi 2014, gukubita, kumenagura, gusahura no gutwika abashoramari n’inganda bo muri Vietnam. Bamwe mu bashoramari n'abakozi b'Abashinwa, barimo Tayiwani na Hong Kong, ndetse n'inganda zo muri Singapuru na Koreya y'Epfo, bakubiswe ku buryo butandukanye, bituma bahitana ubuzima n'umutungo.
Gutanga ibyago muri kariya gace bigomba gusuzumwa mbere yo guhitamo uwaguhaye isoko.
03Reba neza niba ubukungu bwifashe neza
Amasoko akeneye kwita kubuzima bwimari yabatanga isoko, kandi ntagomba gutegereza kugeza igihe urundi ruhande rufite ibibazo byubucuruzi.
Ninkaho mbere yumutingito, hari ibimenyetso bidasanzwe, nibimenyetso bimwe mbere yuko ubukungu bwumutanga butagenda nabi.
Nukugenda kenshi kwabayobozi, cyane cyane abashinzwe ubucuruzi bwabo bwibanze. Umubare munini wimyenda yabatanga ibicuruzwa ushobora gutera umuvuduko mwinshi, kandi ikosa rito rizatera gucikamo urunigi. Ibindi bimenyetso birashobora kandi kugabanuka kubiciro byogutangwa mugihe cyiza kandi cyiza, iminsi mikuru yigihe kirekire itarahembwa cyangwa no kwirukanwa kwinshi, amakuru mabi mbonezamubano atangwa nabayobozi batanga isoko, nibindi.
04 Suzuma ingaruka ziterwa nikirere
Gukora ntabwo ari inganda zishingiye ku kirere, ariko ikirere kiracyafite ingaruka ku ihungabana ry’ibicuruzwa. Inkubi y'umuyaga mu majyepfo y'uburasirazuba bw'inyanja buri mpeshyi izagira ingaruka kubatanga ibicuruzwa mu ntara za Fujian, Zhejiang na Guangdong.
Ibiza bitandukanye bya kabiri nyuma yinkubi y'umuyaga bizatera iterabwoba rikomeye nigihombo kinini ku musaruro, imikorere, ubwikorezi n’umutekano bwite.
Mugihe uhisemo uwashobora gutanga isoko, amasoko akeneye kugenzura imiterere yikirere isanzwe muri kariya gace, gusuzuma ingaruka ziterwa n’itangwa ry’ibicuruzwa, ndetse n’uko uwabitanze afite gahunda y'ibihe. Iyo impanuka kamere ibaye, uburyo bwo gutabara vuba, gusubukura umusaruro, no gukomeza ubucuruzi busanzwe.
05Emeza ko hari ibishingwe byinshi byo gukora
Bamwe mubatanga ibicuruzwa binini bazagira ibicuruzwa cyangwa ububiko mubihugu byinshi nakarere, bizaha abaguzi amahitamo menshi. Amafaranga yo gutwara hamwe nibindi biciro bifitanye isano bizatandukana aho byoherejwe. Intera yo gutwara nayo izagira ingaruka mugihe cyo gutanga. Igihe kigufi cyo kugemura, nigabanura ibiciro byo kugura ibiciro byabaguzi, kandi birashobora guhita bisubiza ihindagurika ryibisabwa ku isoko, kandi bikirinda ibura ryibicuruzwa nububiko buke.
Ibicuruzwa byinshi byibanze birashobora kandi koroshya ubushobozi buke. Iyo ubushobozi buke bwigihe gito bubaye muruganda, abatanga ibicuruzwa barashobora gutunganya umusaruro mubindi nganda zifite ubushobozi budahagije.
Niba ikiguzi cyo gutwara ibicuruzwa gifite igiciro kinini cyo gufata, utanga isoko agomba gutekereza kubaka uruganda hafi yumukiriya. Abatanga ibirahuri byimodoka hamwe nipine muri rusange bashiraho inganda zikikije oEMS kugirango babone ibyo abakiriya bakeneye muri JIT.
Rimwe na rimwe, utanga isoko afite ishingiro ryinshi ryo gukora.
06Shakisha ibarura ryamakuru
Hariho ibintu bitatu bizwi cyane Vs muburyo bwo gucunga amasoko, aribyo:
Kugaragara, kugaragara
Umuvuduko, Umuvuduko
Guhinduka, Guhinduka
Urufunguzo rwo gutsinda k'urwego rutanga ni ukongera amashusho n'umuvuduko w'itangwa no guhuza n'imihindagurikire. Kubona amakuru yo kubika ibikoresho byingenzi byabatanga isoko, umuguzi arashobora kumenya aho ibicuruzwa biherereye umwanya uwariwo wose kugirango birinde ingaruka zo kubura ububiko.
07Gutohoza uburyo bwo gutanga amasoko
Iyo ibyifuzo byabaguzi bihindagurika, utanga isoko asabwa guhindura gahunda yo gutanga mugihe gikwiye. Muri iki gihe, ubuhanga bwihuse bwabatanga isoko bugomba gukorwaho iperereza.
Ukurikije ibisobanuro byuburyo bwo gutanga amasoko ya SCOR, uburyo bwihuse busobanurwa nkibipimo bitatu bitandukanye, aribyo:
① byihuse
Ihindagurika ryimbere Hejuru kuruhande, iminsi ingahe ikenewe, irashobora kugera kubushobozi bwa 20%.
② gupima
Guhuza n'imihindagurikire y'ikirere ihindagurika, mu minsi 30, ubushobozi bwo gukora bushobora kugera ku mubare ntarengwa.
③ kugwa
Guhindura imihindagurikire y'ikirere, mu minsi 30, kugabanya ibicuruzwa ntibizagira ingaruka, niba kugabanya ibicuruzwa ari byinshi, abatanga ibicuruzwa bazagira ibibazo byinshi, cyangwa ubushobozi bwo kohereza abandi bakiriya.
Kugira ngo usobanukirwe neza nogutanga ibicuruzwa, abaguzi barashobora kumva imbaraga zurundi ruhande vuba bishoboka, kandi bakagira isuzuma ryinshi ryubushobozi bwo gutanga mbere.
08Reba ibyo wiyemeje muri serivisi n'ibisabwa abakiriya
Witegure ibibi kandi witegure ibyiza. Umuguzi akeneye kugenzura no gusuzuma urwego rwa serivisi rwabakiriya rwa buri mutanga.
Amasoko akeneye gusinyana amasezerano yo gutanga nuwabitanze, kugirango urwego rwa serivisi rutangwe, hamwe nogukoresha amagambo asanzwe, ibisobanuro hagati yamasoko nabatanga ibikoresho fatizo, kubyerekeye amategeko yo gutanga ibicuruzwa, nkibiteganijwe, itegeko, gutanga, inyandiko, uburyo bwo gupakira, inshuro zitangwa, gutanga igihe cyo gutegereza no gupakira ikirango gisanzwe, nibindi.
09Shaka kuyobora-igihe no gutanga imibare
Nkuko byavuzwe haruguru, igihe gito cyo gutanga amasoko kirashobora kugabanya ibicuruzwa byabaguzi bifata igiciro nurwego rwibarura ryumutekano, kandi birashobora guhita bisubiza ihindagurika ryibisabwa hasi.
Umuguzi agomba kugerageza guhitamo utanga isoko mugihe gito cyo kuyobora.Imikorere yo gutanga ni urufunguzo rwo gupima imikorere yuwabitanze, kandi niba utanga isoko adashoboye gutanga amakuru kubyerekeye igipimo cyo gutanga ku gihe, bivuze ko iki kimenyetso kitigeze cyitaweho gikwiye.
Ibinyuranye na byo, utanga isoko ashobora gukurikirana byimazeyo uko ibintu byagenze no gutanga ibitekerezo ku gihe ku gihe cyo gutanga, bizagirira icyizere umuguzi.
10Emeza uburyo bwo kwishyura
Ibigo binini by’amahanga bifite amasezerano yo kwishyura, nkiminsi 60, iminsi 90 nyuma yo kubona inyemezabuguzi. Keretse niba undi muburanyi atanga ibikoresho bibisi bigoye kubona, umuguzi afite ubushake bwo guhitamo uwatanze isoko yemeye kwishyura.
Ubu ni bwo buhanga 10 nagusobanuriye muri wewe. Mugihe ukora ingamba zo kugura no guhitamo abaguzi, urashobora gusuzuma izi nama hanyuma ugateza imbere "amaso atyaye".
Hanyuma, nzakubwira inzira ntoya yo guhitamo abaguzi, ni ukuvuga kohereza ubutumwa kuri twe, uzahita ubona autanga imyenda myiza, kugirango ufashe ikirango cyawe kurwego rwo hejuru.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gicurasi-25-2024
