Icapiro rya ecran bivuga gukoresha ecran nkibibaho, kandi binyuze muburyo bwo gukora ibyapa bifotora, bikozwe namashusho yerekana icyapa. Icapiro rya ecran rigizwe nibintu bitanu, isahani ya ecran, scraper, wino, ameza yo gucapa na substrate. Icapiro rya ecran nimwe muburyo bwingenzi bwo guhanga ibihangano.
1. NikiMucapyi
Icapiro rya ecran ninzira yo kwimura igishushanyo mbonera hejuru yubutaka ukoresheje ecran, wino, na scraper. Imyenda n'impapuro nibisanzwe bigaragara mugucapisha ecran, ariko ukoresheje wino kabuhariwe, birashoboka kandi gucapa kubiti, ibyuma, plastike ndetse nikirahure. Uburyo bwibanze burimo gukora ibishushanyo kuri ecran ya meshi nziza hanyuma ugahambira wino (cyangwa irangi, mugihe cyogukora ibihangano na posita) unyuzemo kugirango ushushanye igishushanyo hejuru.
Inzira rimwe na rimwe yitwa "icapiro rya ecran" cyangwa "icapiro rya ecran," kandi nubwo inzira yo gucapa nyirizina ihora isa cyane, uburyo ikaramu yaremye irashobora gutandukana, bitewe nibikoresho byakoreshejwe. Uburyo butandukanye bw'icyitegererezo burimo:
Shiraho inguge cyangwa vinyl kugirango utwikire ahantu wifuza kuri ecran.
Koresha "ecran ya ecran" nka kole cyangwa irangi kugirango ushushanye kuri gride.
Kora ikaramu ukoresheje emulisiyo yo gufotora, hanyuma utezimbere ikaramu muburyo busa nifoto (urashobora kwiga byinshi kuriyi ngingo mu ntambwe ku yindi).
Ibishushanyo bikozwe hifashishijwe tekinoroji yo gucapa irashobora gukoresha wino imwe cyangwa nkeya. Kubintu byamabara menshi, buri bara rigomba gukoreshwa muburyo butandukanye hamwe nicyitegererezo cyihariye gikoreshwa kuri buri wino.
2. Kuki ukoresha icapiro rya ecran
Imwe mumpamvu tekinoroji yo gucapura ikoreshwa cyane ni ukubera ko itanga amabara meza ndetse no kumyenda yijimye. Irangi cyangwa irangi nabyo biri mubice byinshi hejuru yumwenda cyangwa impapuro, bityo bigaha igice cyacapwe gukoraho neza.
Ikoranabuhanga naryo riratoneshwa kuko ryemerera pri nters kwigana byoroshye ibishushanyo inshuro nyinshi. Kubera ko igishushanyo gishobora gukopororwa inshuro nyinshi ukoresheje ifumbire imwe, ni ingirakamaro mu gukora kopi nyinshi yimyenda imwe cyangwa ibikoresho. Iyo ikozwe na printer inararibonye ukoresheje ibikoresho byumwuga, birashoboka kandi gukora ibara ryoroshye. Mugihe ibintu bigoye bivuze ko umubare wamabara printer ashobora gukoresha ari ntarengwa, ifite ubukana burenze ibyagerwaho ukoresheje icapiro ryonyine.
Icapiro rya ecran nubuhanga buzwi mubahanzi n'abashushanya bitewe nuburyo bwinshi n'ubushobozi bwo kubyara amabara meza n'amashusho asobanutse. Usibye Andy Warhol, abandi bahanzi bazwiho gukoresha imashini icapa harimo Robert Rauschenberg, Ben Shahn, Eduardo Paolozzi, Richard Hamilton, RB Kitaj, Henri Matisse na Richard Estes.
3. Intambwe yo gucapura intambwe
Hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo gucapa ecran, ariko byose birimo tekinike yibanze. Uburyo bwo gucapa tuzabiganiraho hepfo bukoresha urumuri rwihariye-rukora emulsiyo yo gukora stencile yihariye; Kuberako irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora stencile igoye, ikunda kuba ubwoko buzwi cyane bwo gucapa.
Intambwe ya 1: Igishushanyo cyarakozwe
Ubwa mbere, printer ifata igishushanyo bashaka gukora kubicuruzwa byanyuma, hanyuma ikabicapisha kuri firime acide acetike iboneye. Ibi bizakoreshwa mugukora ibumba.
Intambwe ya 2: Tegura ecran
Ibikurikira, icapiro rihitamo mesh ya ecran kugirango ihuze nuburyo bugoye bwo gushushanya hamwe nimyenda yimyenda yacapwe. Mugaragaza noneho isize hamwe na emulioni ifotora ikomera iyo ikozwe munsi yumucyo mwinshi.
Intambwe ya 3: Shyira amavuta yo kwisiga
Urupapuro rwa acetate hamwe niki gishushanyo noneho rushyirwa kuri ecran ya emuliyoni hanyuma ibicuruzwa byose bigahita byerekanwa nurumuri rwinshi. Umucyo ukomera kuri emulion, bityo igice cya ecran gitwikiriwe nigishushanyo gikomeza kuba amazi.
Niba igishushanyo cya nyuma kizaba kirimo amabara menshi, ecran itandukanye igomba gukoreshwa kugirango ushyire buri cyiciro cya wino. Kurema ibicuruzwa byinshi byamabara, icapiro rigomba gukoresha ubuhanga bwe mugushushanya buri cyitegererezo no kugihuza neza kugirango tumenye neza ko igishushanyo cyanyuma kitagira ikizinga.
Intambwe ya 4: Koza emulion kugirango ukore stencil
Nyuma yo kwerekana ecran mugihe runaka, uduce twa ecran idapfukiranwe nigishushanyo kizakomera. Noneho witonze kwoza amavuta yo kwisiga yose adakomeye. Ibi bisiga neza neza igishushanyo kuri ecran kugirango wino inyure.
Mugaragaza noneho iruma hanyuma printer izakora ibikenewe byose cyangwa ikosorwe kugirango ikore hafi yikigereranyo cyambere gishoboka. Noneho urashobora gukoresha ifumbire.
Intambwe ya 5: Ikintu cyiteguye gucapa
Mugaragaza noneho igashyirwa kumashini. Ikintu cyangwa imyenda igomba gucapwa bishyirwa hejuru ku isahani icapa munsi ya ecran.
Hano hari imashini nyinshi zicapura, zaba intoki nizikora, ariko imashini zicapiro zubucuruzi zigezweho zizakoresha imashini yizengurutsa ya disiki, kuko ibi bituma ecran zitandukanye zikoreshwa icyarimwe. Kubicapa amabara, iyi printer irashobora kandi gukoreshwa mugushira kumurongo wamabara kumurongo ukurikiranye.
Intambwe ya 6: Kanda wino unyuze kuri ecran kuri kiriya kintu
Mugaragaza iramanuka ku kibaho cyanditse. Ongeramo wino hejuru ya ecran hanyuma ukoreshe scraper ikurura kugirango ukure wino muburebure bwa ecran. Ibi bikanda wino hejuru yubuso bwicyitegererezo, bityo ugashushanya igishushanyo kubicuruzwa hepfo.
Niba printer irimo gukora ibintu byinshi, uzamure ecran hanyuma ushire imyenda mishya kuri plaque. Noneho subiramo inzira.
Ibintu byose bimaze gucapurwa kandi inyandikorugero ikaba yarangije intego zayo, igisubizo cyihariye cyo gukora isuku kirashobora gukoreshwa mugukuraho emulisiyo kugirango ecran ishobora kongera gukoreshwa kugirango ikore icyitegererezo gishya.
Intambwe 7: Kama ibicuruzwa, kugenzura no kurangiza
Ibicuruzwa byacapwe noneho binyuzwa mu cyuma, "gikiza" wino kandi kigatanga ingaruka nziza, idashira. Mbere yuko ibicuruzwa byanyuma bihabwa nyirabyo mushya, birasuzumwa kandi bigasukurwa neza kugirango bikureho ibisigazwa byose.
4. Ibikoresho byo gucapa
Kugirango ubone ibyapa bisukuye, bisobanutse, imashini zikoresha zigomba kugira ibikoresho byiza byo kurangiza akazi. Hano, tuzaganira kuri buri gikoresho cyo gucapa ecran, harimo uruhare bagize mugucapura.
| imashini icapa imashini |
Nubwo bishoboka kwerekana icapiro ukoresheje mesh mesh gusa na shitingi, printer nyinshi zihitamo gukoresha imashini kuko ibemerera gucapa ibintu byinshi neza. Ibi ni ukubera ko imashini icapa ifata ecran mu mwanya hagati y’icapiro, byorohereza uyikoresha guhindura impapuro cyangwa imyenda gucapwa.
Hariho ubwoko butatu bwo gucapa: intoki, igice-cyikora kandi cyikora. Imashini y'intoki ikoreshwa n'intoki, bivuze ko ikora cyane. Imashini zikoresha imashini zikoresha igice, ariko ziracyasaba ibitekerezo byabantu kugirango bahanahana ibintu, mugihe imashini zikoresha zikora byimazeyo kandi bisaba kwinjiza bike.
Ubucuruzi busaba umubare munini wimishinga yo gucapa akenshi ikoresha igice cyikora cyangwa cyikora cyuzuye kuko gishobora gucapa vuba, neza kandi hamwe namakosa make. Ibigo bito cyangwa amasosiyete akoresha icapiro rya ecran nka hobby arashobora kubona imashini zikoresha desktop (rimwe na rimwe bita "imashini") zikwiranye nibyo bakeneye.
| wino |
Irangi, pigment, cyangwa irangi bisunikwa muri ecran ya mesh hanyuma mukintu kigomba gucapurwa, kwimura ibara ryerekana igishushanyo mbonera cya stencil kubicuruzwa.
Guhitamo wino ntabwo ari uguhitamo ibara gusa, hariho ubundi buryo bwinshi. Hano hari wino nyinshi zumwuga zishobora gukoreshwa mugutanga ingaruka zitandukanye kubicuruzwa byarangiye. Kurugero, icapiro rirashobora gukoresha flash wino, wino yahinduwe, cyangwa wino yuzuye (yaguka kugirango igire ubuso buzamuye) kugirango itange isura idasanzwe. Mucapyi izanareba ubwoko bwimyenda yo gucapura ecran, kuko wino zimwe zikora neza kubikoresho bimwe kuruta ibindi.
Mugihe cyo gucapa imyenda, printer izakoresha wino yoza imashini nyuma yo gukorerwa ubushyuhe no gukira. Ibi bizavamo kudashira, igihe kirekire kwambara ibintu bishobora kwambarwa nubundi.
| Mugaragaza |
Mugaragaza mugucapisha ecran nicyuma cyangwa igiti cyometseho igitambaro cyiza. Ubusanzwe, iyi mesh yari ikozwe mu budodo bwa silik, ariko uyumunsi, yasimbuwe na fibre polyester, itanga imikorere imwe kubiciro biri hasi. Umubyimba numurongo wumubare wa mesh urashobora gutoranywa kugirango uhuze ubuso bugomba gucapwa cyangwa imiterere yigitambara, kandi intera iri hagati yumurongo ni nto, kugirango ibisobanuro birambuye biboneke mubicapiro.
Nyuma ya ecran yashizwemo na emulioni kandi igaragara, irashobora gukoreshwa nkicyitegererezo. Nyuma yo gucapura ecran irangiye, irashobora gusukurwa no gukoreshwa.
| scraper |
Scraper ni reberi isobekeranye ku rubaho, imbaho cyangwa plastike. Byakoreshejwe mu gusunika wino unyuze kuri mesh ya ecran no hejuru kugirango icapwe. Mucapyi akenshi ihitamo scraper isa nubunini kuri ecran ya ecran kuko itanga ubwirinzi bwiza.
Ibikoresho bikomeye bya reberi birakwiriye cyane mugucapisha ibishushanyo mbonera hamwe nibisobanuro byinshi, kuko byemeza ko impande zose hamwe n’ibyuho biri mubibumbano byinjiza urwego rwa wino neza. Iyo icapiro ridasobanutse neza cyangwa gucapisha kumyenda, byoroheje, bitanga umusaruro mwinshi wa reberi.
| Sitasiyo |
Mugaragaza igomba gusukurwa nyuma yo gukoreshwa kugirango ikureho ibimenyetso byose bya emulsiyo, bityo irashobora kongera gukoreshwa mugucapura nyuma. Amazu manini manini yo gucapura arashobora gukoresha vatiri yo kwisukura idasanzwe cyangwa aside kugirango akureho emuliyoni, mugihe izindi zikoresha gusa sink cyangwa sink hamwe na hose yamashanyarazi kugirango isukure ecran.
5.Ese ecran yo gucapa wino izakaraba?
Niba umwenda waragaragaye neza wacapishijwe numuhanga wabihuguriwe ukoresheje wino yogejwe nogukoresha ubushyuhe, igishushanyo ntigomba gukaraba. Kugirango umenye neza ko ibara ridacika, printer igomba kwemeza ko wino yashizweho ukurikije amabwiriza yabakozwe. Ubushyuhe bukwiye bwumwanya nigihe biterwa nubwoko bwa wino nigitambara cyakoreshejwe, bityo amabwiriza agomba gukurikizwa niba printer igiye gukora ikintu kirekire-cyogejwe.
6. Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yo gucapa ecran no gucapa digitale?
Icapiro ryiteguye-kwambara (DTG) icapiro rya digitale ikoresha icapiro ryabigenewe (muburyo bumwe na printer ya mudasobwa ya inkjet) kugirango wohereze amashusho kumyenda. Itandukanye no gucapisha ecran muburyo printer ya digitale ikoreshwa muguhindura igishushanyo kumyenda. Kuberako nta stencil ihari, amabara menshi arashobora gukoreshwa mugihe kimwe, aho kugirango akoreshe amabara menshi murwego rutandukanye, bivuze ko tekinike ikoreshwa mugucapisha ibintu bigoye cyangwa bifite amabara menshi.
Bitandukanye no gucapura ecran, icapiro rya digitale risaba hafi gushiraho, bivuze ko icapiro rya digitale aribwo buryo buhendutse cyane mugihe cyo gucapa uduce duto twimyenda cyangwa ibintu bimwe. Kandi kubera ko ikoresha amashusho ya mudasobwa aho gukoresha inyandikorugero, nibyiza gukora amafoto cyangwa ibishushanyo birambuye. Ariko, kubera ko ibara ryacapishijwe hifashishijwe utudomo twa CMYK aho kuba irangi ryamabara meza, ntishobora gutanga ubukana bwamabara nkubucapiro bwa ecran. Ntushobora kandi gukoresha printer ya digitale kugirango ukore ingaruka zanditse.
Uruganda rwimyenda rwa Siyinghongafite uburambe bwimyaka 15 yimyambarire, kandi afite uburambe bwimyaka 15 mubikorwa byo gucapa. Turashobora gutanga ibirango byumwuga byo gucapa kuburugero rwawe / ibicuruzwa byinshi, kandi tugasaba uburyo bwiza bwo gucapa kugirango ibyitegererezo byawe / ibicuruzwa byinshi birusheho kuba byiza. Urashoboravugana natweako kanya!
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-21-2023
