Uburyo bwo gucapa no gutunganya imyenda (1)

Igitekerezo cy'ibanze cyo gucapa

1. Gucapa: Uburyo bwo gutunganya imiterere y'indabyo hamwe no kuzisiga irangi vuba ku myenda ifite amarangi cyangwa irangi.

2. Gushyira mu byiciro ibyacapwe

Intego yo gucapa ahanini ni imyenda n'ubudodo. Iya mbere ifata ishusho ku mwenda, bityo igishushanyo kiba gisobanutse neza. Iya nyuma ni ugucapa ishusho ku gisate cy'ubudodo butondetse neza, hanyuma ukaboha umwenda kugira ngo utange ishusho y'ubudodo.

3. Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gucapa no gusiga irangi

(1) Gusiga irangi ni ugusiga irangi ku mwenda neza kugira ngo haboneke ibara rimwe. Gucapa ni ugucapa ibara rimwe cyangwa menshi ku mwenda umwe, mu by'ukuri, gusiga irangi ry'aho hantu.

(2) gusiga irangi ni umuti w’irangi uva kuri irangi, unyuze mu mazi ujya kuri irangi. Gucapa hifashishijwe icyuma gicapa nk'igikoresho cyo gusiga irangi, irangi cyangwa irangi ricapa ku mwenda, nyuma yo kumisha, hakurikijwe imiterere y’irangi cyangwa irangi ryo gushyushya, irangi rishushanyije n’ubundi buryo bwo gukurikirana, kugira ngo ribe risize irangi cyangwa rifatanye na fibre, hanyuma nyuma y’isabune, amazi, gukuraho irangi rireremba n’ibara ricapa mu irangi, imiti ikoreshwa mu gusiga irangi.

4. Gutegura mbere yo gucapa

Kimwe no gusiga irangi, umwenda ugomba gusukurwa mbere yo gucapa kugira ngo ubone ubushobozi bwo gutose neza kugira ngo ibara ry’umusemburo ryinjire muri fibre neza. Imyenda ya pulasitiki nka polyester rimwe na rimwe igomba kuba ifite ishusho y’ubushyuhe kugira ngo igabanye gushonga no kwangirika mu gihe cyo gucapa.

5. Uburyo bwo gucapa

Dukurikije uburyo bwo gucapa, hari icapiro ryimbitse, icapiro rirwanya irangi n'icapiro risohora. Dukurikije ibikoresho byo gucapa, hari icapiro ryimbitse cyane cyane iry'imizingo, ecrangucapano gucapa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, nibindi. Mu buryo bwo gucapa, hari gucapa hakoreshejwe intoki no gucapa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga. Gucapa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ahanini birimo gucapa hifashishijwe ecran, gucapa hifashishijwe roller, gucapa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga no gucapa hifashishijwe spray, uburyo bubiri bwa mbere bukunze gukoreshwa cyane.

6. Uburyo bwo gucapa n'imiterere yabwo

Gucapa imyenda hakurikijwe ibikoresho byo gucapa bishobora kugabanywamo: gucapa ku gitambaro, gucapa ku migozi, gucapa ubushyuhe, gucapa ku gishushanyo mbonera cy'ibiti, gucapa ku gitambaro cyoroshye, kwambara irangi rya tie-range, batik, gucapa splash, gucapa hakoreshejwe irangi n'ibindi. Hari uburyo bubiri bwo gucapa bufite akamaro mu bucuruzi: gucapa ku gitambaro no gucapa ku migozi. Uburyo bwa gatatu ni gucapa ku gitambaro, bifite akamaro gato. Ubundi buryo bwo gucapa budakunze gukoreshwa mu gukora imyenda ni gucapa ku gitambaro gakondo, gucapa ku mugozi wa valerian (ni ukuvuga gucapa ku mugozi), gucapa ku mugozi no gucapa ku mugozi. Inganda nyinshi zicapa imyenda zikoresha gucapa ku gitambaro no gucapa ku migozi kugira ngo zicape imyenda. Icapa ryinshi rikorwa n'inganda zicapa naryo ryacapishijwe muri ubu buryo.

7. Ubuhanga gakondo bwo gucapa

(1) Gucapa icyitegererezo cy'ibiti: Uburyo bwogucapaku mwenda uri mu mbaho ​​zizamuwe.

(2) icapiro ry'ubwoko bw'imyanda: Rigabanyijemo ibice bitatu: icapiro ry'ubwoko bw'umweru ry'imyanda irwanya irangi, icapiro ry'ubwoko bw'umweru ry'imyanda irwanya irangi ry'imyanda n'icapiro ry'ubwoko bw'imyanda inyura mu buryo butaziguye.

(3) Gucapa irangi: Gukoresha umugozi ku gitambaro cy'ubusa, ukadodeshwa mu gipfundo runaka hanyuma ugahambirwa neza, nyuma yo gusiga irangi kugira ngo ubone imiterere.

(4) Gucapa Batik: Shyiraho ibice bigomba kwerekana imiterere ku ipamba, ubudodo n'indi myenda, hanyuma usiga irangi cyangwa uburoso kugira ngo usiga irangi ibice bidafite irangi ku mwenda, hanyuma ukureho ibizinga bya wax mu mazi abira cyangwa mu bintu byihariye kugira ngo umwenda ugaragaze imiterere.

(5) Gucapa irangi rya silk: gusiga cyangwa gusiga irangi rya aside ku mwenda w’ubudodo uko ubyifuza, hanyuma ugasiga umunyu ku gitambaro kitarakomera, umunyu n’irangi rya aside bigahinduka urujya n’uruza rw’imiterere isanzwe kuri silk. Akenshi ikoreshwa muri silk.

(6) Gucapa hakoreshejwe irangi ry'intoki: Uburyo bwo gucapa bwo gushyira ikaramu mu irangi mu buryo butaziguye kugira ngo hagaragazwe imiterere iri ku mwenda.

8. Gucapa ecran

Gucapa ecran birimo gutegura ecran yo gucapa, ecran yo gucapa (Ecran yakoreshejwe mu gucapa yahoze ikozwe muri silk yoroshye, uburyo bwitwa ecran printing ikozwe muri nylon, polyester cyangwa insinga ifite mesh nziza irambuye hejuru y'imbaho ​​cyangwa icyuma. Imyenda yo gucapa itwikiriwe na filime idasobanutse, idafata imyenge. Aho hari igishushanyo, filime idasobanutse igomba gukurwaho, hagasigara icyuma cyo gucapa gifite mesh nziza, kandi aka gace niho igishushanyo kizacapirwa. Imyenda myinshi yo gucapa ibanza gutwikiriwe na filime idasobanutse, hanyuma filime igakurwaho hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo gucapa kugira ngo igaragaze igishushanyo. Shyira ecran hejuru y'umwenda ugomba gucapirwa. Suka icyuma cyacapwe mu gishushanyo hanyuma ugishyire mu gishushanyo cy'ikirahure ukoresheje icyuma gihanagura (igikoresho gisa n'igihanagura ku kirahuri cy'imodoka). Buri bara mu gishushanyo cyo gucapa risaba ecran yihariye, intego yo gucapa ibara ritandukanye.

9. Gucapa ecran n'intoki

Icapiro ry'intoki rikorerwa ku bucuruzi ku meza maremare (kugeza kuri metero 60). Umuzingo w'igitambaro wacapwe ukwirakwizwa neza ku meza, kandi ubuso bw'ameza bushyirwaho ibikoresho bike bito. Hanyuma icapiro rikomeza kugendana n'igitambaro ku meza yose, ricapa igitambaro kimwe icyarimwe, kugeza igihe igitambaro gicapwe neza. Buri gitambaro gihuye n'icyitegererezo cyacapwe. Igipimo cy'umusaruro w'ubu buryo ni metero 50-90 ku isaha. Icapiro ry'intoki rikoreshwa mu bucuruzi mu gucapa ibice byaciwe. Muriumwendainzira yo gucapa, inzira yo gukora imyenda n'inzira yo gucapa bitegurwa hamwe.

Imiterere yihariye cyangwa idasanzwe icapwa ku bice mbere yuko bidodwa. Kubera ko icapwa ry'intoki rishobora gukora amafuremu manini y'imitako minini, imyenda nk'amatawulo yo ku mucanga, amaparoni agezweho acapwa, amarido n'amarido yo kwiyuhagira nabyo bishobora gucapwa hakoreshejwe ubu buryo bwo gucapa. Icapwa ry'intoki rikoreshwa kandi mu gucapa imyenda mike y'abagore igezweho cyane no gucapa ingano nto y'ibicuruzwa bipimirwa ku isoko.

(1) Gucapa ecran mu buryo bwikora

Gucapa ecran mu buryo bwikora (cyangwa gucapa ecran igororotse) ni kimwe no gucapa ecran mu buryo bw'intoki uretse ko inzira ikorwa mu buryo bwikora, bityo ikaba yihuta. Igitambaro cyacapwe gishyirwa kuri ecran binyuze mu mugozi munini wa rubber, aho gushyirwa ku meza maremare (nk'uko bimeze ku icapa ecran mu buryo bwikora). Kimwe no gucapa ecran mu buryo bwikora, gucapa ecran mu buryo bwikora ni igikorwa gihoraho aho kuba igikorwa gihoraho.

Muri ubu buryo, umwenda wimuka munsi ya ecran, hanyuma ugahagarara, hanyuma ecran igashwanyagurika hakoreshejwe icyuma gishyushya (gushwanyagurika mu buryo bwikora), hanyuma umwenda ugakomeza kugenda munsi y'umukara ukurikira, ku gipimo cy'umusaruro cya metero 500 ku isaha. Gucapa ecran mu buryo bwikora bishobora gukoreshwa gusa ku muzingo wose w'umwenda, ibice byaciwe muri rusange ntibicapwa muri ubu buryo. Nk'uburyo bwo gukora mu bucuruzi, bitewe n'uko hifuzwa gucapa ecran izengurutse kandi ifite umusaruro mwinshi, umusaruro wo gucapa ecran mu buryo bwikora (bijyanye no gucapa ecran igororotse) urimo kugabanuka.

(2) Gucapa ecran izenguruka

Gucapa ecran ya rotary bitandukanye n'ubundi buryo bwo gucapa ecran mu buryo bwinshi bw'ingenzi. Gucapa ecran ya rotary, kimwe n'icapa rya roller rivugwa mu gice gikurikira, ni inzira ihoraho aho umwenda wacapwe unyuzwa mu mugozi munini wa rubber munsi ya silindiri igenda. Mu gucapa ecran, umuvuduko wo gukora ecran ya ruziga ni wo wihuta cyane, urenga metero 3.500 ku isaha. Koresha mesh y'icyuma ifite imyenge cyangwa mesh ya pulasitiki. Umuzenguruko munini urenza santimetero 40 z'umuzenguruko, bityo ingano nini y'indabyo nayo irenza santimetero 40. Imashini zicapa ecran ya rotary zifite amabara arenga 20 nazo zarakozwe, kandi ubu buryo bwo gucapa burimo gusimbura buhoro buhoro icapa ecran ya silinda.

(3) Gucapa imigozi

Kimwe no gucapa ibinyamakuru, gucapa imigozi ni uburyo bwihuta cyane bushobora gukora imyenda irenga metero 6.000 ku isaha. Ubu buryo bwitwa kandi gucapa imashini. Mu gucapa imigozi, igishushanyo gicapishwa ku mwenda hakoreshejwe ingoma y'umuringa (cyangwa umugozi). Ingoma y'umuringa ishobora gucurangwa neza neza imirongo mito cyane, bityo ikabasha gucapa imiterere irambuye kandi yoroshye. Urugero, gucapa imigozi mito kandi ikomeye ya Pelizli ni ubwoko bw'igishushanyo gicapishwa hakoreshejwe umugozi.

Gushushanya ku cylinder bigomba kuba bihuye neza n'igishushanyo cy'umushushanyi w'ibishushanyo, kandi buri bara rikenera icyuma gishushanya (mu nganda z'imyenda gitunganya ibishushanyo byihariye, gucapa imigozi itanu, gucapa imigozi itandatu, nibindi, bikunze gukoreshwa mu kwerekana amabara atanu cyangwa amabara atandatu yo gucapa imigozi). Gucapa imigozi ni bwo buryo bwo gucapa bukoreshwa gake cyane, kandi umusaruro ukomeza kugabanuka buri mwaka. Ubu buryo ntibwaba buhendutse iyo ingano yakozwe kuri buri shusho iba itari nini cyane.

(4) Icapiro ryo kohereza ubushyuhe

Ihame ryo gucapa ubushyuhe rimeze nk'uburyo bwo gucapa. Mu gucapa ubushyuhe, igishushanyo gicapishwa ku mpapuro zirimo amarangi atatanye n'iwino yo gucapa, hanyuma impapuro zacapwe (zizwi kandi ku izina ry'impapuro zo gucapa) zikabikwa kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu nganda zicapa imyenda. Iyo umwenda ucapishijwe, imashini icapa ubushyuhe ituma impapuro zo gucapa n'izitaracapwe bifatanye, kandi binyura muri iyo mashini kuri dogere selisiyusi 210 (400T), ku bushyuhe bwinshi, irangi riri ku mpapuro zo gucapa rirahinduka rigashyirwa ku mwenda, rirangiza igikorwa cyo gucapa nta yandi mabwiriza arambuye. Uburyo bworoshye kandi ntibusaba ubuhanga bukenewe mu gukora imashini yo gucapa irangi cyangwa imashini ikora ku gishushanyo mbonera. Amarangi ya Disperse ni yo marangi yonyine ashobora gucapa, kandi mu buryo runaka ni yo marangi yonyine ashobora gucapa indabyo, bityo uburyo bwo gukoresha bushobora gukoreshwa gusa ku myenda igizwe n'imigozi ifite isano n'ayo marangi, harimo imigozi ya acetate, imigozi ya acrylonitrile, imigozi ya polyamide (nylon) na polyester.

(5) Gucapa Jet

Gucapa Jet ni ugutera ibitonyanga bito by'irangi no kuguma aho umwenda uherereye, umunwa n'imiterere y'ibishushanyo bikoreshwa mu gutera irangi bishobora kugenzurwa na mudasobwa, kandi bishobora kubona imiterere igoye n'imigendekere myiza y'ibishushanyo. Gucapa Jet bikuraho gutinda n'ikiguzi bijyana no gushushanya imigozi no gukora ecran, inyungu ihanganye mu isoko ry'imyenda rihinduka vuba.

Sisitemu yo gucapa jet irahindagurika kandi yihuta, kandi ishobora guhinduka vuba kuva ku ishusho imwe ujya ku yindi. Imyenda icapishijwe ntabwo igoramye (ni ukuvuga ko ishusho idahinduka bitewe no kurambura), kandi ubuso bw'imyenda ntibuzingwa, bityo bigakuraho ibibazo bishobora kubaho nko gupfuka imyenda cyangwa ubwoya. Ariko, iyi nzira ntishobora gucapa imiterere myiza, imiterere y'igishushanyo mbonera irasobanutse. Muri iki gihe, uburyo bwo gucapa jet bukoreshwa hafi mu gucapa tapi, kandi si inzira y'ingenzi mu gucapa imyenda. Ariko, hamwe n'ubushakashatsi n'iterambere ry'ikoranabuhanga ryo kugenzura imashini n'ikoranabuhanga, iki kibazo gishobora guhinduka.