Uburyo bwo gucapa imyenda no gutemba (1)

Igitekerezo cyibanze cyo gucapa

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2. Gutondekanya ibyapa

Ikintu cyo gucapa ahanini ni imyenda nudodo. Iyambere ifata igishushanyo kumyenda, kuburyo igishushanyo kirasobanutse. Iheruka ni ugucapura igishushanyo ku cyegeranyo cyimyenda itunganijwe muburyo bubangikanye, no kuboha umwenda kugirango bitange ingaruka mbi.

3. Itandukaniro riri hagati yo gucapa no gusiga irangi

(1) Irangi ni ugusiga irangi irangi kumyenda kugirango ubone ibara rimwe. Gucapa ni ugucapa amabara imwe cyangwa menshi kumurongo umwe wimyenda, mubyukuri, irangi ryaho.

(2) gusiga irangi ni irangi ryo gusiga irangi, binyuze mumazi y'amazi kora irangi kumyenda. Gucapisha hifashishijwe ibishishwa nkibikoresho byo gusiga irangi, paste yo gusiga irangi cyangwa pigment yacapishijwe kumyenda, nyuma yo kumisha, ukurikije imiterere y irangi cyangwa ibara ryo guhumeka, gutanga amabara hamwe nubundi buryo bwo kubikurikirana, kuburyo irangi cyangwa igashyirwa kuri fibre, hanyuma nyuma yisabune, amazi, ikuraho ibara rireremba hamwe na paste yamabara.

4. Kwitegura mbere yo gucapa

Bisa nuburyo bwo gusiga irangi, umwenda ugomba kubanza kuvurwa mbere yo gucapa kugirango ubone amazi meza kugirango paste yamabara yinjire muri fibre neza. Imyenda ya plastike nka polyester rimwe na rimwe ikenera kuba ifite ubushyuhe kugirango igabanye kugabanuka no guhindura ibintu mugihe cyo gucapa.

5. Uburyo bwo gucapa

Ukurikije uburyo bwo gucapa, hariho icapiro ritaziguye, icapiro rirwanya irangi no gucapa. Ukurikije ibikoresho byo gucapa, hariho cyane cyane icapiro, ecranicapirono kwimura icapiro, nibindi Kuva muburyo bwo gucapa, hariho gucapa intoki no gucapa imashini. Icapiro ryimashini ririmo cyane cyane icapiro rya ecran, icapiro rya roller, kwimura icapiro no gusohora spray, porogaramu ebyiri zibanza zirasanzwe.

6. Uburyo bwo gucapa nibiranga

Icapiro ry'imyenda ukurikije ibikoresho byo gucapa rishobora kugabanywamo: gucapisha ecran, gucapisha uruziga, gucapa ubushyuhe, gucapisha ibiti, gucapa amasahani adafunze, karuvati-irangi, batik, icapiro, gucapa intoki n'ibindi. Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo gucapa bufite akamaro mubucuruzi: gucapa ecran no gucapa roller. Uburyo bwa gatatu ni ugukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwo gucapa, bufite akamaro gake. Ubundi buryo bwo gucapa ntibikunze gukoreshwa mubikorwa byo gutunganya imyenda ni icapiro ryibiti gakondo, gucapa ibishashara (ni ukuvuga Wax irwanya) icapiro, icapiro rya karuvati-irangi hamwe no gucapa birwanya. Ibihingwa byinshi byo gucapa bifashisha imashini icapa na roller icapura imyenda. Ibyinshi byohereza ubushyuhe bikozwe ninganda zo gucapa nabyo byacapwe murubu buryo.

7. Ubuhanga gakondo bwo gucapa

(1) Icapiro ryibiti: Uburyo bwaicapiroku mwenda mu biti bizamuye.

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. Akenshi bikoreshwa mubudodo.

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8. Icapiro rya ecran

Icapiro rya ecran ririmo gutegura ecran yo gucapa, ecran yo gucapa (Mugaragaza ikoreshwa mugikorwa cyo gucapa yigeze gukorwa mubudodo bworoshye, inzira yiswe icapiro rya ecran rikozwe muri nylon, polyester cyangwa umwenda winsinga hamwe na meshi nziza irambuye hejuru yikibaho cyangwa icyuma. imyenda ya ecran yabanje gutwikirwa na firime yifotoza, hanyuma firime ikurwaho nuburyo bwo gufotora kugirango ushire ahagaragara ishusho Shyira ecran hejuru yigitambara kugirango icapwe hanyuma usukemo icyapa cyanditse ukoresheje imashini isakara (igikoresho gisa nicyuma cyerekana imashini itandukanye).

9. Gucapa intoki

Gucapisha intoki byakozwe mubucuruzi kumeza maremare (kugeza kuri metero 60). Umuzingo wacapwe wigitambaro ukwirakwizwa neza kumeza, kandi hejuru yimeza yabanje gutwikirwa hamwe nigikoresho gito gifatika. Mucapyi noneho ikomeza kwimura ikadiri kumeza yose, icapa ikadiri icyarimwe, kugeza umwenda wacapwe burundu. Buri cyiciro gihuye nicyitegererezo. Igipimo cy'umusaruro w'ubu buryo ni metero 50-90 ku isaha. Icapiro ryamaboko yubucuruzi nayo ikoreshwa mubwinshi kugirango icapwe ibice. Muriumwendauburyo bwo gucapa, inzira yo gukora imyenda hamwe no gucapa byateguwe hamwe.

Ibishushanyo byihariye cyangwa bidasanzwe byacapwe kubice mbere yuko bidoda hamwe. Kuberako icapiro ryintoki rishobora kubyara meshi nini kumurongo munini, imyenda nkigitambaro cyo ku mucanga, udushya twacapishijwe udukariso, imyenda hamwe nimyenda yo kwiyuhagiriramo nabyo bishobora gucapwa nubu buryo bwo gucapa. Icapiro ryintoki naryo rikoreshwa mugucapa umubare muto wimyenda yimyambarire yimyambarire yimyambarire no gucapa uduce duto twibicuruzwa bipima isoko.

(1) Icapiro ryikora ryikora

Icapiro ryikora ryikora (cyangwa icapiro rya ecran ya ecran) ni kimwe na ecran yintoki usibye ko inzira yikora, bityo birihuta. Umwenda wacapwe utangwa binyuze mugice kinini cya reberi kuri ecran, aho gushyirwa kumeza maremare (nkuko bimeze no gucapa intoki). Kimwe no gucapa intoki, icapiro ryikora ryikora nigihe kimwe aho kuba inzira ikomeza.

Muri ubu buryo, umwenda ugenda munsi ya ecran, hanyuma ugahagarara, hanyuma ecran igashushanywa na scraper (scraping automatic), nyuma yimyenda ikomeza kugenda munsi yikurikira, ku musaruro wa metero 500 mu isaha. Icapiro ryikora ryikora rishobora gukoreshwa gusa kumuzingo wose wimyenda, ibice byaciwe ntabwo byacapwe murubu buryo. Nkibikorwa byubucuruzi, kubera guhitamo gucapura uruziga ruzengurutse hamwe nubushobozi buhanitse bwo gukora, umusaruro wo gucapura ibyuma byikora (bivuga icapiro rya ecran) biragabanuka.

(2) Icapiro rya rotary

Icapiro rya ecran ya ecran itandukanye nubundi buryo bwo gucapa ecran muburyo butandukanye. Icapiro rya rotary ya ecran, kimwe no gucapisha uruziga rwasobanuwe mu gice gikurikira, ni inzira ikomeza aho umwenda wacapwe unyuzwa mu mugozi mugari munsi ya silinderi igenda. Mu icapiro rya ecran, umuvuduko wo gukora imashini izenguruka ni yo yihuta, irenga metero 3.500 mu isaha. Koresha icyuma gisobekeranye cyangwa icyuma cya plastiki. Uruziga runini rurenze santimetero 40 mu muzenguruko, ubunini bunini bw'inyuma-inyuma nabwo burenze santimetero 40. Imashini zicapura imashini zirenga 20 zamabara nazo zarakozwe, kandi ubu buryo bwo gucapa burasimbuza buhoro buhoro icapiro rya silinderi.

(3) Icapiro

Kimwe no gucapa ibinyamakuru, icapiro rya roller ninzira yihuta ishobora kubyara metero zirenga 6.000 yimyenda yacapwe kumasaha. Ubu buryo bwitwa no gucapa imashini. Mu icapiro rya roller, igishushanyo cyacapishijwe kumyenda n'ingoma y'umuringa yanditsweho (cyangwa umugozi). Ingoma y'umuringa irashobora gushushanywa neza imirongo myiza cyane, kuburyo ishobora gucapa birambuye, byoroshye. Kurugero, icapiro ryiza, ryuzuye Pelizli icapiro ni ubwoko bwikitegererezo cyacapishijwe no gucapa.

Igishushanyo cya silinderi kigomba kuba gihuye neza nigishushanyo mbonera cyashushanyije, kandi buri bara rikenera uruziga (mu nganda z’imyenda idasanzwe yo gucapa, gucapa imashini eshanu, gucapa imashini esheshatu, n'ibindi, bikunze gukoreshwa mu kwerekana ibice bitanu by'amabara cyangwa ibice bitandatu by'amabara yo gucapa). Icapiro rya Roller nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane bwo gucapa ibicuruzwa, kandi ibisohoka bikomeza kugabanuka buri mwaka. Ubu buryo ntabwo bwaba ubukungu niba ingano yakozwe kuri buri gishushanyo itari nini cyane.

(4) Gucapa ubushyuhe

Ihame ryo guhererekanya ubushyuhe burasa nuburyo bwo kwimura icapiro. Mu icapiro ry’ubushyuhe, icyitegererezo kibanza gucapishwa ku mpapuro zirimo amarangi atatanye hamwe na wino yo gucapa, hanyuma impapuro zacapwe (zizwi kandi nk'impapuro zoherejwe) zibikwa kugira ngo zikoreshwe mu nganda zicapa imyenda. Iyo umwenda wacapwe, imashini yohereza ubushyuhe itanga impapuro zoherejwe hamwe nisura idacapishijwe imbonankubone hamwe, kandi ikanyura muri mashini kuri 210 ° C (400T), ku bushyuhe bwinshi, irangi ku mpapuro zoherejwe ryiyongera kandi ryimurira mu mwenda, bikarangiza inzira yo gucapa nta yandi mananiza. Inzira iroroshye cyane kandi ntisaba ubuhanga bukenewe mugukora icapiro rya roller cyangwa icapiro ryerekana imashini Irangi rya Disperse niryo rangi ryonyine rishobora kugabanuka, kandi muburyo bumwe amarangi yonyine ashobora gushyushya indabyo zoherezwa, bityo rero inzira irashobora gukoreshwa gusa kumyenda igizwe na fibre ifite aho ihurira na fibre, acrylonitide fibre, polyamile polyamile.

(5) Gucapa indege

Icapiro ry'indege ni ugutera ibitonyanga bito by'irangi kandi ukaguma kumwanya nyawo wigitambara, nozzle nuburyo bwo gushushanya bikoreshwa mugutera irangi birashobora kugenzurwa na mudasobwa, kandi birashobora kubona imiterere igoye hamwe nuburyo bwiza. Gucapura indege bikuraho gutinda nigiciro kijyanye no gushushanya imizingo no gukora ecran, inyungu yo guhatanira isoko ryimyenda ihinduka vuba.

Sisitemu yo gucapa indege iroroshye kandi yihuta, kandi irashobora guhinduka byihuse kuva muburyo bumwe. Imyenda yacapwe ntabwo ihangayikishijwe (ni ukuvuga, igishushanyo ntigorekwa no kurambura), kandi hejuru yigitambara ntikizunguruka, bityo bikuraho ibibazo bishobora kuvuka nkimyenda yimyenda cyangwa ubwoya. Nyamara, iyi nzira ntishobora gucapa ibishushanyo byiza, urucacagu rwibishushanyo ntirujujwe. Kugeza ubu, uburyo bwo gucapa indege bukoreshwa hafi yo gucapura itapi, kandi ntabwo ari inzira yingenzi yo gucapa imyenda. Ariko, hamwe nubushakashatsi niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya tekinoroji na elegitoronike, ibi bintu birashobora guhinduka.