Irangi no kurangiza inzira (1)

Guhitamo gusiga irangi no kurangiza ahanini bishingiye ahanini kubintu bitandukanye, ibisobanuro nibisabwacuruzwa byarangiye umwenda, bishobora kugabanywamo mbere yo kuvurwa,dyeing, icapiro, nyuma yo kurangiza nibindi.

Mbere yo kuvura

Fibre karemano ikubiyemo umwanda, muburyo bwo gutunganya no kongeramo imyanda, amavuta n'umukara wanduye, ntabwo bibangamira iterambere ryoroshye ryo gusiga irangi no kurangiza imikorere yambaye imyenda.

Intego yo kwishyiriraho ni ugukoresha ibikorwa byubukaji nubuka butunganye kugirango ukureho umwanda kumyenda, kora umwenda wera, byoroshye, kandi ufite ibipimo byiza byujuje ibyangombwa byo gufata, no gutanga ibicuruzwa byujuje ibyangombwa byo gusiga irangi, gucapa no kurangiza.

Ipamba: Gutegura imyenda mibi, kuringa, gushimishwa, guteka, guhinga, guhimba. Polyester: Gutegura umwenda, gutunganywa (amazi ya alkali, nibindi), kumenyekanisha, kubika, kubika, alkali, nibindi).

Kuringa

Mubisanzwe, nyuma yo kwinjira muruganda rwo gucapa no gusiga irangi mu ruganda rwijimye, rugomba kubanza kugenzurwa, guhindurwa, gutangaza, gucapa no kudoda, hanyuma aririmbira.

Impamvu:

(1) ku mwenda utavuga neza cyane, uburebure butandukanye;

(2) Urwego rwo kurangiza ni abakene, kwanduza byoroshye;

(3) Mu rukurikirane rwa Zhongyi irangi no kurangiza, gucapa no gusiga irangi.

Intego yo kuringaniza:

(1) Kunoza amashure; Kunoza iherezo;

(2) Kunoza imyigaragambyo y'ibisani (cyane cyane imyenda ya fibre);

(3) Kunoza uburyo, kuringa birashobora gutuma imyenda iba crisp, bari igufwa.

GUKORA

Mubikorwa byo kuboha, hakorerwa impagarara nyinshi no guterana amagambo, biroroshye kumena. Kugirango ugabanye uruganda rurerure, kunoza iminwa yo kuboha no kuvuza imyenda, birakenewe mubutambaro bwa serp mbere yo kuboha. Fibre mu nkoni ya Yarn kandi ifata hamwe na firime ikomeye hejuru yimyenda, kora umugozi ukomera kandi byoroshye, bityo utera imbaraga imbaraga zo kumenagura kandi wambare ibyuma byanyuma.

Gukenera Intego: Nyuma yo gusaza, slurry yinjira muri fibre kandi igice cyigice hejuru yintambara. While improving the performance of the yarn, the slurry pollutes the dyeing and finishing processing fluid, hinders the chemical interaction between the fibers and dyeing and chemical materials, and makes it difficult to carry out dyeing and finishing processing.

(1) Intangiriro Kuri Bikunze gukoreshwa

Igiti gisanzwe: Stoarch, gum yo mu nyanja, gum, nibindi.

Ibice bya Strarte:

① Mu rubanza rwa Acide;

② Ku bijyanye n'umutekano wa Alkali, kubyimba;

③ Ku bijyanye n'imbuto zishobora kubozwa;

④ Na Strarme Decomme Decomposition.

Ibishishwa bya chimique: Inkomoko ya selile nka Hydroxymethylcellylcellse (CMC), inzoga nyinshi (PVA), aside ya PolyAcryc, Acide ya Polyacryc, Polyester, nibindi.

PVI UMUTUNGO:

.

② Irangizwa na Okiside .;

Ibikorwa byagutse, guhuza neza, nta reaction yivanga

(2) Bikunze gukoreshwa muburyo bukoreshwa

1. Alkaline afunzwe

Bumwe mu buryo bwakoreshejwe cyane mu gusiga irangi mu gihugu, ariko igipimo gihita ntabwo ari kinini, kandi ubundi bwanduye burashobora kuvaho mugihe ufunzwe.

Uburyo: Gukoresha sodium hydroxide igabanya umuti, ibinyamisogwe munsi yigikorwa cya alkali kubyimba (cyangwa kubyimba), kugirango ugabanye imbaraga hagati ya fibre no gucika intege, hanyuma gukoresha imbaraga zo gukaraba nimbaraga zo kuyikuraho. Kuri PVO na polyacrylate, birashobora gusesa sodium hydroxide mugutandukanya ibisubizo.

(starch) enzyme akwifuza

Enzymes nayo yitwa enzymes, biocatalests.

Ibiranga: Igipimo cyinshi, ntabwo cyakomeretse, gusa ku gicando, kidashobora gukuraho umwanda.

Ibiranga: a. Gukora neza. b. Umwihariko: Enzyme irashobora guhamagarwa gusa reaction imwe gusa cyangwa nigisubizo runaka. c. Igikorwa kigira ingaruka kubushyuhe na PH agaciro.

Kudusimba cyangwa ibinyamisogwe bivanze (ibirimo ibipimo byiganje), Amylase irashobora gukoreshwa mugufuzwa.

Acide afunzwe

Gusaba gukora cyane ntabwo ari byinshi, kuko ikoreshwa ryoroshye ryangiza fibre, ihujwe nubundi buryo. Uburyo bwintambwe ebyiri byemejwe: Alkali akeneye - aside ikenewe. Acide afuze arashobora gukora strarch hydrolyze, kura umunyu wamabuye y'agaciro nibindi, hanyuma ukingure ..

Okiside ikwiye

Okiding Agent: Nabro2 (sodium bromite) h2o2, Na2s2o8, (NH4) 2S2O8, nibindi.

Ihame: Umukozi wa okiside arashobora kunyerera no gutesha agaciro ubwoko bwose, uburemere bwacyo bwa molekingo buragabanuka cyane, kandi ubushyuhe bwakumirwa cyane, kandi ububi bwamazi bwiyongereye cyane, kandi ububi bwakunzwe cyane, kandi gusinzira byakurwaho na fibre, hanyuma hydrolyzate ikurwaho yo koza neza.

(1) guteka

Intego yo guteka ni ukukuraho umwanda wa fiber kandi utezimbere imitungo yo gutunganya imyenda, cyane cyane utuburira.

Umwanda usanzwe: Kumyenda myiza ya pamba, cyane cyane ibinyabuzima cyangwa ibinyabuzima bifitanye isano, harimo ibishashara bya peteroli, ibishashara, poctin, porotemes hamwe nibishishwa.

Imyanda yubuhanga: Umwanda nka peteroli, umukozi wa antistake namavuta, ingese n'ibisimba byongeweho no kuboha no kuboha.

Izi mpungenge zigira ingaruka zikomeye ku nyakaswa kandi zibangamira gusiga no kurangiza umwenda, kandi igomba gukurwaho muri gahunda yo kwanduza sodium hamwe na sodium hydroxide nkibyingenzi kandi bikabije.

(2) Kuvugurura

Nyuma yo guteka, impamyabukire rusange nubukorikori kuriumwendabakuweho, ariko imyenda y'amabara yuzuye kandi yoroheje, guhirika nabyo birasabwa. Ibyo ni ugukuraho pigment, guteza imbere Umweru nkintego nyamukuru yo gutunganya.

Fibre yimiti ntabwo irimo pigment, nyuma yo guteka byera cyane, na pari yapa nyuma yo kuyandumo pigment iracyahari, Umweru ni umukene, bityo uhaguruke cyane cyane kumwanda karemano kuri pari nyayo.

(3) Bleach

Ubwoko bwa okiside: sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide na sodium chlorite, nibindi, bikoreshwa cyane muri pamba fibre na vabrec.

Yagabanutse: ifu ya Nahso3 nubwishingizi, nibindi, bikoreshwa cyane kuri porober fibre fibre fibre.

(4) sodium hypochlorite ivanze:

Sodium hypochlorite ikoreshwa ahanini muguhindura imyenda ya pamba hamwe na pamba ivanze yimyenda, kandi rimwe na rimwe nanone ikoreshwa mu kuvana ibihangano Polyester. Ariko, ntishobora gukoreshwa kugirango ihindure fibre ya probyine nkibudozo n'ubwoya, kuko sodium hypochlorite igira ingaruka mbi kuri fibre, kandi bigatuma fibre yumuhondo. Mubikorwa byo guhinga, usibye gusenya pigment karemano, ipamba ubwayo irashobora kwangizwa rero, ni ngombwa kugenzura imiterere yimiterere, kugirango ubwiza bwuzuye kandi bwimbere bujuje ibisabwa.

Sodium hypochlorite biroroshye gukora, ikiguzi gito, sodium hypochloite igoramye, ibikoresho byoroshye, ariko kuberako sodium hypochlorite yo kurengera ibidukikije, buhoro buhoro isimburwa na hydrogen peroxide.

(5) hydrogen peroxide iva kuri H2O2:

Hydrogen Peroxide, izwi kandi nka hydrogen peroxide, ifite molecure ya H2O2. Hydrogen Peroxide ikuraho yitwa ogisijeni. Guhagarara kwa hydrogen igisubizo ni gikennye cyane mubihe bya alkaline. Kubera iyo mpamvu, hydrogène yubucuruzi peroxide ni acidic.

Imyenda yahujwe na hydrogen peroxide ifite Umuzungu mwiza, ibara ryera, kandi ntabwo byoroshye kumurika mugihe ubitswe. Byakoreshejwe cyane mu guhirika ipamba. Kumara kuri ogisijeni bifite uburangare kuruta guhuza chlorine, ariko hydrogen peroxide iri hejuru y'ibiciro bya hypochlorite, kandi ogisijeni ibura ibikoresho by'ibyuma, kandi ibiciro biri hejuru, igiciro kirenze chlorine.

Kugeza ubu, uburyo bwo gufungura imiyoboro bukoreshwa bukoreshwa cyane mugucapura no gusiga irangi. Ubu buryo bufite urwego rwo hejuru rwo gukomeza, Automatic hamwe no gukora neza, inzira yoroshye itemba kandi ntabwo itanga umwanda wibidukikije.

5. Imyenda (ipamba)

Imyenda iyobowe na mpagarara, hamwe nubufasha bwa soda ya Caustic, kandi ugakomeza ubunini bukenewe, urashobora kubona irari rya silky, iyi nzira yitwa amakosa.

(1) Intego yo guhuza:

A.ingiza ubuso bwuzuye kandi umva umwenda, kubera kubyimba fibre, gahunda ya fibre iratandukanye, kandi kwerekana urumuri birasanzwe, bityo bikaba byiza.
B
C.Kutezimbere imitako itunganijwe bikangiza ingaruka zishushanyije, birashobora gukuraho imiyoboro yumurongo, byinshi birashobora kubahiriza ibyangombwa byiza byo gusiga irangi no gucapa igice-igice cyibicuruzwa. Ikintu cyingenzi nuko nyuma yo gutangaza, guharanira inyungu kwaguka kwagura imyenda byateye imbere cyane, bityo bikagabanya cyane igipimo cyimyanda yimyenda.

6. Gutunganya, Mbere yo kugabanuka (imyenda ya fibli)

Intego yo gutunganya mbere yo kugabanuka cyane cyane kugirango ikureho amavuta, slurry n'umwanda uhwanye no konseye no gutwara abantu, kandi icyarimwe, Oligomers zimwe kuri fibre nazo zirashobora gushonga mu bushyuhe bwo hejuru. Imyenda yumukara igomba kuba ibanziriza mbere gato ya alkali, kandi inyongera nka olein na soda ya Caustic na Caustic yongeweho cyane. Gutegura imyenda ya fibre ya fibre bikorwa mubushyuhe bwinshi kandi imashini yo gusiga irangi.

DanalKali Kugabanuka (Imyenda ya Chimique ya Chimique)

(1) Ihame ningaruka zo kugabanya alkali

Kugabanya Alkali ni inzira yo kuvura imyenda ya polyester mubushyuhe bwinshi kandi yibanda gutwikwa. Polyester fibre ni hydrolyzed kandi ivunitse na ester bond ya polekile ya polekiri hejuru ya fibre muri salometero yamazi yahagaritswe, kandi amaherezo yibicuruzwa bya sodium bifite ubumuga busanzwe, hamwe na sodimu ya sodium yashizweho na Ethylene. Ibikoresho byo kugabanya Alkali birimo imashini irangi cyane, imashini igabanya, ingamba zigabanya ingingo eshatu, usibye imashini irangi. Imashini zihoraho kandi zinzegihe zishobora gutunganya ibyawe bisigaye. Kugirango turebe ko imiterere yimiterere igaragara nubunini bwimyenda yumukara kubicuruzwa bimwe na bimwe byo kugabanya alkali, birakenewe kongeramo inzira zateganijwe, hanyuma winjire mubikorwa.